[Advisory] Re: [Secondary] UK Consultation on Copyright and Education
Leon Cych
dfee@btinternet.com
Thu, 18 Feb 2010 22:21:11 +0000 (GMT)
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QED - just the other day in Australia - just listen:
http://audioboo.fm/boos/98963-copyright-is-an-ass
facinating.
Leon Cych
--- On Thu, 18/2/10, Roger Broadie <Roger@BroadieAssociates.co.uk> wrote:
From: Roger Broadie <Roger@BroadieAssociates.co.uk>
Subject: Re: [Advisory] Re: [Secondary] UK Consultation on Copyright and Ed=
ucation
To: "Crispin Weston" <crispin.weston@alphalearning.co.uk>
Cc: "'secondary'" <secondary@talk.naace.org>, "'Advisory talk'" <advisory@t=
alk.naace.org>
Date: Thursday, 18 February, 2010, 17:18
Crispin,
Apologies for taking some time to get to replying to your email.
Education dictating copyright terms is certainly NOT code for 'ignore copyr=
ight'. Exactly the opposite in fact, it means assuming everything is copyri=
ght and that it is necessary to positively determine what the Terms and Con=
ditions (Ts&Cs) for usage are.
The point I am making is that the whole concept of 'educational exceptions'=
is broken and cannot be mended. Even if we engaged fully in debate of the =
Gower recommendations and the consultation it would not be possible to agre=
e limits on where things could be accessed, by who, or what materials are i=
ncluded or not included. The net result would be that any school relying on=
educational exceptions to justify how content is being used digitally by t=
heir community will end up hopelessly confused. It's just unworkable. We co=
uld engage with this until the end of eternity and still get no result.
A little story - a big museum set up a nice project, whereby kids could bor=
row mobile phones and as they went round the museum could take pictures of =
things they found particularly interesting and could then upload these into=
online galleries being run by the museum, that the kids could then access =
when back in school. But the project ran into a roadblock when they realise=
d that they had some things in the =C2=A0museum that were on loan and not o=
wned by themselves, and the terms of the loan did not permit photography of=
the object, let alone the making and copying of digital copies.
At some point in the near future kids in schools are going to be permitted =
to use their phones to capture images - how many company meetings have you =
been in where taking pictures of the whiteboard at the end of a discussion =
is just normal practice. Even the builder putting in our loft conversion is=
now taking pictures of things to show us. So if they are using some conten=
t in class and need to be able to look at it again at home, they will copy =
it. Moral for the school - don't have any content in use that cannot be use=
d in this way and make sure the kids also know the Ts&Cs (probably 'can be =
used by you and on the school platform, can't be put on the Internet or cop=
ied to others).
I believe we should be saying to this consultation:
- Educational exceptions to copyright will no longer work for schools, beca=
use they cannot be limited in space or to what materials are digitised, giv=
en that we are way past the point when digitising devices and spread of con=
tent around networks and the Internet can be controlled by a responsible or=
ganisation, and the people it is necessary to engage in collaborative learn=
ing cannot be limited to single defined institutions and people who are bon=
e-fide members of those institutions.
- Schools should therefore rely not on exceptions, but on positive determin=
ation of the copyright terms and conditions that apply to the content they =
wish to use.
- For education and learning in the digital age, there is a clear need for =
as much content as possible to be covered by creative commons Ts&Cs, so tha=
t it can be used as widely as possible, collaboratively, and re-purposed to=
aid learning. The amount of this content will continue to grow exponential=
ly, worldwide, as more and more educators and learners become content creat=
ors.
- Copyright holders will then have to decide for themselves what they have =
that has value beyond the creative commons content available, and whether t=
hey are going to adopt copyright Ts&Cs that help educators to use their con=
tent, both with regard to how the content can be used and to the complexity=
for the organisation in understanding and managing the copyright Ts&Cs. (I=
have seen museum Ts&Cs that run to 12 pages!) To help this process some si=
mple, single page exemplar Ts&Cs for education purchasers should be produce=
d. The whole issue of digital rights management would also come in here - i=
f content owners demand DRM and that makes their content unusable by school=
s and their communities, then so be it.
- Similarly, organisations such as the Copyright Licensing Authority will h=
ave to decide if they can make a business by coordinating the copyright Ts&=
Cs =C2=A0of a range of defined content providers, in a way that will stimul=
ate educational use and hence a financial return to the content owners, tha=
t the owners could not themselves achieve by selling to schools directly.
Then as clarity appears as to what content schools can and cannot afford to=
use, without reliance on 'educational exceptions', there will be a clear m=
essage for government that if some content is critical for education and is=
not being made available for educators and learners to use, in learning-ef=
fective, manageable and affordable ways, then national action will need to =
be taken to make such content available.
Roger.
On 11 Feb 2010, at 10:04, Crispin Weston wrote:
Roger, =C2=A0I agree with you on the underlying problem =E2=80=93 but I am =
not so sure that I agree with your view of the solution. =C2=A0The reason w=
hy Gower focuses on interactive whiteboards (from our point of view, maybe =
somewhat perversely) is that Gower is assuming that something displayed on =
an IWB is not then going out of the room =E2=80=93 it is a plenary display =
device with a clear boundary to the group of people who are accessing it. T=
his replicates the conditions which applied to the display of video in clas=
srooms and (on the basis of low and rapidly deteriorating quality) to the d=
istribution of photocopied hand-outs. =C2=A0I do not agree with you that th=
e supplier should now dictate copyright terms (this is really code for =E2=
=80=9Cignore copyright=E2=80=9D). The much touted view that the internet wa=
s going to end intellectual property is untrue, for reasons: (a) =E2=80=93 =
technically, because publishers are increasingly putting in place DRM prote=
ction, (b) because the law is still
the law and from time to time very significant damages are still awarded a=
gainst file sharers, and (c) =E2=80=93 in principle, because undermining IP=
would be a disaster which would bring innovation to a screaming halt. =C2=
=A0That is not to say that people, using e.g. creative commons, may elect t=
o give up their IP if they are able to earn their living some other way (e.=
g. by occupying a salaried position or by offering advertising or support s=
ervices) =E2=80=93 and this might be a very appropriate model for UGC. But =
the vast majority of businesses still need to charge for the services they =
provide in one way or another =E2=80=93 and we need the involvement of indu=
stry if we are going to get access to genuinely innovative products and con=
tent. =C2=A0The other issue with the educational exceptions is the definiti=
on of the material which is affected =E2=80=93 something like =E2=80=9Clite=
rary, dramatic or musical works=E2=80=9D i.e. educational content is not in=
cluded. If it were, then all
educational publishers would be put out of business overnight. In other wo=
rds, the educational exceptions only affect material where education is a t=
angential and unimportant source of income to the rights holder. =C2=A0In t=
his respect, we have to question the distinction (which in this context bec=
omes very important) between educational and non-educational content. We ar=
e no longer going to distribute a photocopy of Macbeth (literary, not educa=
tional) and then have a chat about it (educational but not replicable) =E2=
=80=93 we are going to suck in a digital version of Macbeth, probably combi=
ned with some videos of the latest RSC production (commercial/dramatic) and=
comments from other teachers (UGC), into an educational software programme=
(commercial educational). The boundaries starts to become very complex. =
=C2=A0So I have two overall comments on Gower: =C2=A01) educational excepti=
ons can be applied fairly easily to what I would call =E2=80=9Cplenary disp=
lays=E2=80=9D (IWBs and
visualisers). =C2=A02) I am less sure about =E2=80=9Cdistance learning=E2=
=80=9D, which is really a synonym for the internet. Even if the VLE is secu=
re, you cannot then stop the material being copied by students into non-sec=
ure environments. From hereon in, educational exceptions are insufficient w=
ithout a technical component. We must look to DRM solutions which place a r=
eliable =E2=80=9Cwall=E2=80=9D around educational use and can seamlessly ha=
ndle the authorisation of non-educational content within complex orchestrat=
ions of different types of content. =C2=A0Crispin. =C2=A0PS. you need to se=
nd an email to Leon, who will give you access to the document. =C2=A0 =C2=
=A0From:=C2=A0advisory-admin@talk.naace.org=C2=A0[mailto:advisory-admin@tal=
k.naace.org ]=C2=A0On Behalf Of=C2=A0Roger Broadie
Sent:=C2=A011 February 2010 09:00
To:=C2=A0theo kuechel
Cc:=C2=A0beyond@talk.naace.org;=C2=A0primary@talk.naace.org; secondary; Adv=
isory talk
Subject:=C2=A0[Advisory] Re: [Secondary]=C2=A0 UK=C2=A0Consultation on Copy=
right and Education =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0Theo, =C2=A0First of all, I cannot =
access Gower's recommendations for educational exceptions, I can't get at i=
t through my usual Google docs logon. Please advise. =C2=A0However, I will =
be extremely surprised if ANY educational exceptions will deal with the sit=
uation we now find ourselves in. This is because the concept of 'educationa=
l use' was single person use for their own study, whereas education use now=
largely means copying and re-purposing for access by others who will colla=
boratively reflect upon what the learner has done and provide afl feedback.=
There is no substantive difference between this and publishing. =C2=A0It i=
s also almost impossible to limit use to 'use within an educational institu=
tion' because that must now mean use online by the community of people invo=
lved with promoting learning in the institution, and where does that stop? =
Does it include Granny who
lives in=C2=A0 New Zealand=C2=A0and the partner school in=C2=A0 Mexico ? =
=C2=A0 =C2=A0The only answer is to turn the copyright legislation on its he=
ad and to state very clearly that material that is not provided with approp=
riate copyright for use in education, will be completely ignored by educato=
rs and learners. It is time for the users to set copyright terms, not the s=
uppliers. =C2=A0The terms and conditions that you come across in many web r=
esources are completely unworkable for schools and learners. Try looking at=
a few. There is no way this can be resolved from the supplier end, it will=
have to be resolved from the user end. For instance, LT=C2=A0 Scotland=C2=
=A0DICTATE what the copyright terms and conditions will be for things they =
licence nationally. The whole education community should do similarly. =C2=
=A0There are essentially only 3 copyright terms that matter: =C2=A0- you ca=
n look at it but not do anything else with it. =C2=A0- you can copy and re-=
purpose it within the defined community
of a an educational institution (but the community of the institution can =
only be defined by the institution itself) =C2=A0- it is creative commons a=
nd you can copy and re-purpose it to your heart's content provided source i=
s acknowledged. =C2=A0Roger. =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0On 10 Feb 2010, at =
11:15, theo kuechel wrote:
Paul, Colleagues;
This is very timely, urgent and probably of greater significance than the m=
any technologies we often discuss, (including=C2=A0 iPads, Interactive whit=
eboards, Web 2.0 applications or VLEs); the outcomes of this consultation a=
re likely to determine how we are allowed to use our digital tools, access =
digital content and by default, determine the opportunities we afford our l=
earners. These outcomes will shape the future culture of learning for the f=
oreseeable future and permeate all educational uses of ICT including distan=
ce learning, mobile technologies, student work in digital format and the sh=
aring and development of teacher created resources.
Having read=C2=A0 Marshall 's synopsis and then the re-read the documents i=
t appears there is some urgent work to be done. Leon Cych has created a cop=
y of Gower's recommendations for educational exceptions=C2=A0here, to which=
we can add comments /annotations. Please email=C2=A0Leon=C2=A0for access.
It=C2=A0 think is important we have that debate and I personally look forwa=
rd to reading the Nacce community views, and hopefully. as you suggest, we =
can start to develop a Naace response. I am surprised there is no Naace wor=
king group on this?
Best
Theo
On 5 February 2010 21:38, Paul Springford <paul.springford@naace.org> wrote=
:Colleagues
Many of you will already have read in the latest Naace newsletter Marshal M=
ateer's article about an important consultation with implications for=C2=A0=
UK=C2=A0schools. Did you already know about the Intellectual Property Offi=
ce (IPO), "the=C2=A0official government body=C2=A0responsible for granting =
Intellectual Property (IP) rights in the=C2=A0 United Kingdom "? Possibly n=
ot. It's their consultation and it deals in part with copyright in educatio=
n in a digital age.
We firmly expect that members will wish to discuss the implications for our=
schools and colleges here on Naacetalk. We are looking for a volunteer to =
coordinate the discussion and use it as the basis of a Naace response to th=
e IPO. Any offers please to=C2=A0paul.springford@naace.co.uk
--=C2=A0
Theo Kuechel
Learning Technology Research =C2=A0
theo.kuechel@gmail.com
T.Kuechel@hull.ac.uk
=C2=A0
Roger Broadie,Director,Broadie Associateshttp://www.BroadieAssociates.co.u=
kRoger@BroadieAssociates.co.uk
99 High Street, Chatteris,Cambs, PE16 6NP, UK.
tel: +44 1 354 695583mobile: +44 7710 328672fax: +44 1 354 696647
=20
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<table cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" border=3D"0" ><tr><td valign=3D"=
top" style=3D"font: inherit;">QED - just the other day in Australia - just =
listen:<br><br><a href=3D"http://audioboo.fm/boos/98963-copyright-is-an-ass=
">http://audioboo.fm/boos/98963-copyright-is-an-ass</a><br><br>facinating.<=
br><br>Leon Cych<br><br>--- On <b>Thu, 18/2/10, Roger Broadie <i><Roger@=
BroadieAssociates.co.uk></i></b> wrote:<br><blockquote style=3D"border-l=
eft: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; padding-left: 5px;"><br>=
From: Roger Broadie <Roger@BroadieAssociates.co.uk><br>Subject: Re: [=
Advisory] Re: [Secondary] UK Consultation on Copyright and Education<br>To:=
"Crispin Weston" <crispin.weston@alphalearning.co.uk><br>Cc: "'secon=
dary'" <secondary@talk.naace.org>, "'Advisory talk'" <advisory@tal=
k.naace.org><br>Date: Thursday, 18 February, 2010, 17:18<br><br><div
id=3D"yiv1071192665"><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>Crispin,</div><div=
><br></div><div>Apologies for taking some time to get to replying to your e=
mail.</div><div><br></div><div>Education dictating copyright terms is certa=
inly NOT code for 'ignore copyright'. Exactly the opposite in fact, it mean=
s assuming everything is copyright and that it is necessary to positively d=
etermine what the Terms and Conditions (Ts&Cs) for usage are.</div><div=
><br></div><div><br></div><div>The point I am making is that the whole conc=
ept of 'educational exceptions' is broken and cannot be mended. Even if we =
engaged fully in debate of the Gower recommendations and the consultation i=
t would not be possible to agree limits on where things could be accessed, =
by who, or what materials are included or not included. The net result woul=
d be that any school relying on educational exceptions to justify how conte=
nt is being used digitally by their community will end up hopelessly
confused. It's just unworkable. We could engage with this until the end of=
eternity and still get no result.</div><div><br></div><div>A little story =
- a big museum set up a nice project, whereby kids could borrow mobile phon=
es and as they went round the museum could take pictures of things they fou=
nd particularly interesting and could then upload these into online galleri=
es being run by the museum, that the kids could then access when back in sc=
hool. But the project ran into a roadblock when they realised that they had=
some things in the museum that were on loan and not owned by themsel=
ves, and the terms of the loan did not permit photography of the object, le=
t alone the making and copying of digital copies.</div><div><br></div><div>=
At some point in the near future kids in schools are going to be permitted =
to use their phones to capture images - how many company meetings have you =
been in where taking pictures of the whiteboard at the end of a
discussion is just normal practice. Even the builder putting in our loft c=
onversion is now taking pictures of things to show us. So if they are using=
some content in class and need to be able to look at it again at home, the=
y will copy it. Moral for the school - don't have any content in use that c=
annot be used in this way and make sure the kids also know the Ts&Cs (p=
robably 'can be used by you and on the school platform, can't be put on the=
Internet or copied to others).</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>I b=
elieve we should be saying to this consultation:</div><div><br></div><div>-=
Educational exceptions to copyright will no longer work for schools, becau=
se they cannot be limited in space or to what materials are digitised, give=
n that we are way past the point when digitising devices and spread of cont=
ent around networks and the Internet can be controlled by a responsible org=
anisation, and the people it is necessary to engage in collaborative
learning cannot be limited to single defined institutions and people who a=
re bone-fide members of those institutions.</div><div><br></div><div>- Scho=
ols should therefore rely not on exceptions, but on positive determination =
of the copyright terms and conditions that apply to the content they wish t=
o use.</div><div><br></div><div>- For education and learning in the digital=
age, there is a clear need for as much content as possible to be covered b=
y creative commons Ts&Cs, so that it can be used as widely as possible,=
collaboratively, and re-purposed to aid learning. The amount of this conte=
nt will continue to grow exponentially, worldwide, as more and more educato=
rs and learners become content creators.</div><div><br></div><div>- Copyrig=
ht holders will then have to decide for themselves what they have that has =
value beyond the creative commons content available, and whether they are g=
oing to adopt copyright Ts&Cs that help educators to use their
content, both with regard to how the content can be used and to the comple=
xity for the organisation in understanding and managing the copyright Ts&am=
p;Cs. (I have seen museum Ts&Cs that run to 12 pages!) To help this pro=
cess some simple, single page exemplar Ts&Cs for education purchasers s=
hould be produced. The whole issue of digital rights management would also =
come in here - if content owners demand DRM and that makes their content un=
usable by schools and their communities, then so be it.</div><div><br></div=
><div>- Similarly, organisations such as the Copyright Licensing Authority =
will have to decide if they can make a business by coordinating the copyrig=
ht Ts&Cs of a range of defined content providers, in a way that w=
ill stimulate educational use and hence a financial return to the content o=
wners, that the owners could not themselves achieve by selling to schools d=
irectly.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>Then as clarity
appears as to what content schools can and cannot afford to use, without r=
eliance on 'educational exceptions', there will be a clear message for gove=
rnment that if some content is critical for education and is not being made=
available for educators and learners to use, in learning-effective, manage=
able and affordable ways, then national action will need to be taken to mak=
e such content available.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>Roger.</d=
iv><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><br><div><di=
v>On 11 Feb 2010, at 10:04, Crispin Weston wrote:</div><br class=3D"Apple-i=
nterchange-newline"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-sp=
an" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: H=
elvetica; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font=
-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; t=
ext-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
word-spacing: 0px;"><div style=3D"word-wrap: break-word;" lang=3D"EN-GB"><=
div class=3D"Section1"><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 1=
2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana"=
size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; color: bl=
ue;">Roger,</span></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font=
-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"=
Verdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; c=
olor: blue;"> </span></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.000=
1pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue"=
face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: V=
erdana; color: blue;">I agree with you on the underlying problem =E2=80=93 =
but I am not so sure that I agree with your view of the solution.</span></f=
ont></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-fam=
ily: 'Times New Roman';"><font
color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt;=
font-family: Verdana; color: blue;"> </span></font></div><div style=
=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roma=
n';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-s=
ize: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; color: blue;">The reason why Gower focuses=
on interactive whiteboards (from our point of view, maybe somewhat pervers=
ely) is that Gower is assuming that something displayed on an IWB is not th=
en going out of the room =E2=80=93 it is a plenary display device with a cl=
ear boundary to the group of people who are accessing it. This replicates t=
he conditions which applied to the display of video in classrooms and (on t=
he basis of low and rapidly deteriorating quality) to the distribution of p=
hotocopied hand-outs.</span></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.00=
01pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue=
" face=3D"Verdana"
size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; color: bl=
ue;"> </span></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; fon=
t-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D=
"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; =
color: blue;">I do not agree with you that the supplier should now dictate =
copyright terms (this is really code for =E2=80=9Cignore copyright=E2=80=9D=
). The much touted view that the internet was going to end intellectual pro=
perty is untrue, for reasons: (a) =E2=80=93 technically, because publishers=
are increasingly putting in place DRM protection, (b) because the law is s=
till the law and from time to time very significant damages are still award=
ed against file sharers, and (c) =E2=80=93 in principle, because underminin=
g IP would be a disaster which would bring innovation to a screaming halt.<=
/span></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;=
font-family: 'Times New
Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"f=
ont-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; color: blue;"> </span></font></=
div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: '=
Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span s=
tyle=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; color: blue;">That is not to=
say that people, using e.g. creative commons, may elect to give up their I=
P if they are able to earn their living some other way (e.g. by occupying a=
salaried position or by offering advertising or support services) =E2=80=
=93 and this might be a very appropriate model for UGC. But the vast majori=
ty of businesses still need to charge for the services they provide in one =
way or another =E2=80=93 and we need the involvement of industry if we are =
going to get access to genuinely innovative products and content.</span></f=
ont></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-fam=
ily: 'Times New
Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"f=
ont-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; color: blue;"> </span></font></=
div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: '=
Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span s=
tyle=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; color: blue;">The other issu=
e with the educational exceptions is the definition of the material which i=
s affected =E2=80=93 something like =E2=80=9Cliterary, dramatic or musical =
works=E2=80=9D i.e. educational content is not included. If it were, then a=
ll educational publishers would be put out of business overnight. In other =
words, the educational exceptions only affect material where education is a=
tangential and unimportant source of income to the rights holder.</span></=
font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-fa=
mily: 'Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2">=
<span style=3D"font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: blue;"> </span></font></div><div style=
=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roma=
n';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-s=
ize: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; color: blue;">In this respect, we have to =
question the distinction (which in this context becomes very important) bet=
ween educational and non-educational content. We are no longer going to dis=
tribute a photocopy of Macbeth (literary, not educational) and then have a =
chat about it (educational but not replicable) =E2=80=93 we are going to su=
ck in a digital version of Macbeth, probably combined with some videos of t=
he latest RSC production (commercial/dramatic) and comments from other teac=
hers (UGC), into an educational software programme (commercial educational)=
. The boundaries starts to become very complex.</span></font></div><div sty=
le=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Ro=
man';"><font
color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt;=
font-family: Verdana; color: blue;"> </span></font></div><div style=
=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roma=
n';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-s=
ize: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; color: blue;">So I have two overall commen=
ts on Gower:</span></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; fon=
t-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D=
"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; =
color: blue;"> </span></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.00=
01pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue=
" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: =
Verdana; color: blue;">1) educational exceptions can be applied fairly easi=
ly to what I would call =E2=80=9Cplenary displays=E2=80=9D (IWBs and visual=
isers).</span></font></div><div
style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times Ne=
w Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"=
font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; color: blue;"> </span></font><=
/div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: =
'Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; color: blue;">2) I am less =
sure about =E2=80=9Cdistance learning=E2=80=9D, which is really a synonym f=
or the internet. Even if the VLE is secure, you cannot then stop the materi=
al being copied by students into non-secure environments. From hereon in, e=
ducational exceptions are insufficient without a technical component. We mu=
st look to DRM solutions which place a reliable =E2=80=9Cwall=E2=80=9D arou=
nd educational use and can seamlessly handle the authorisation of non-educa=
tional content within complex orchestrations of different types of content.=
</span></font></div><div
style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times Ne=
w Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"=
font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; color: blue;"> </span></font><=
/div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: =
'Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; color: blue;">Crispin.</spa=
n></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; fon=
t-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana" size=3D=
"2"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; color: blue;"> &n=
bsp;</span></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"Verdana=
" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; color: b=
lue;">PS. you need to send an email to Leon, who will give you access to th=
e
document.</span></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-=
size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" face=3D"V=
erdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; co=
lor: blue;"> </span></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001=
pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font color=3D"blue" =
face=3D"Verdana" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Ve=
rdana; color: blue;"> </span></font></div><div style=3D"border-style:=
none none none solid; border-left: 1.5pt solid blue; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm =
4pt;"><div><div class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font=
-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-align: center;" align=3D"=
center"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size:=
12pt;" lang=3D"EN-US"><hr tabindex=3D"-1" align=3D"center" size=3D"2" widt=
h=3D"100%"></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font=
-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New
Roman';"><b><font face=3D"Tahoma" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-size: 10p=
t; font-family: Tahoma; font-weight: bold;" lang=3D"EN-US">From:</span></fo=
nt></b><font face=3D"Tahoma" size=3D"2"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; fon=
t-family: Tahoma;" lang=3D"EN-US"><span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nb=
sp;</span><a rel=3D"nofollow" ymailto=3D"mailto:advisory-admin@talk.naace.o=
rg" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Dadvisory-admin@talk.naace.or=
g" style=3D"color: blue; text-decoration: underline;">advisory-admin@talk.n=
aace.org</a><span class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span>[mailto:<a r=
el=3D"nofollow" ymailto=3D"mailto:advisory-admin@talk.naace.org" target=3D"=
_blank" href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Dadvisory-admin@talk.naace.org" style=3D"co=
lor: blue; text-decoration: underline;">advisory-admin@talk.naace.org</a> ]=
<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span><b><span style=3D"font-w=
eight: bold;">On Behalf Of<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </spa=
n></span></b>Roger Broadie<br><b><span
style=3D"font-weight: bold;">Sent:</span></b><span class=3D"Apple-converte=
d-space"> </span>11 February 2010 09:00<br><b><span style=3D"font-weig=
ht: bold;">To:</span></b><span class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span=
>theo kuechel<br><b><span style=3D"font-weight: bold;">Cc:</span></b><span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span><a rel=3D"nofollow" ymailto=3D=
"mailto:beyond@talk.naace.org" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Db=
eyond@talk.naace.org" style=3D"color: blue; text-decoration: underline;">be=
yond@talk.naace.org</a>;<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span>=
<a rel=3D"nofollow" ymailto=3D"mailto:primary@talk.naace.org" target=3D"_bl=
ank" href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Dprimary@talk.naace.org" style=3D"color: blue;=
text-decoration: underline;">primary@talk.naace.org</a>; secondary; Adviso=
ry talk<br><b><span style=3D"font-weight: bold;">Subject:</span></b><span c=
lass=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span>[Advisory] Re: [Secondary]<span
class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span> UK<span class=3D"Apple-conve=
rted-space"> </span>Consultation on Copyright and Education</span></fo=
nt><span lang=3D"EN-US"></span></div></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.=
0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Tim=
es New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;"> </span></f=
ont></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; fon=
t-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><sp=
an style=3D"font-size: 12pt;"> </span></font></div></div><div><div st=
yle=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New R=
oman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size:=
12pt;"> </span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm=
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"=
Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">Theo,</span></=
font></div></div><div><div
style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times Ne=
w Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-si=
ze: 12pt;"> </span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm =
0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=
=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">First of a=
ll, I cannot access Gower's recommendations for educational exceptions, I c=
an't get at it through my usual Google docs logon. Please advise.</span></f=
ont></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12p=
t; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"=
3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;"> </span></font></div></div><div><=
div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times=
New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font=
-size: 12pt;">However, I will be extremely surprised if ANY educational exc=
eptions will deal with the
situation we now find ourselves in. This is because the concept of 'educat=
ional use' was single person use for their own study, whereas education use=
now largely means copying and re-purposing for access by others who will c=
ollaboratively reflect upon what the learner has done and provide afl feedb=
ack. There is no substantive difference between this and publishing.</span>=
</font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=
=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;"> </span></font></div></div><d=
iv><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'T=
imes New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"=
font-size: 12pt;">It is also almost impossible to limit use to 'use within =
an educational institution' because that must now mean use online by the co=
mmunity of people involved with promoting learning in the institution, and =
where does
that stop? Does it include Granny who lives in<span class=3D"Apple-convert=
ed-space"> </span> New Zealand<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&n=
bsp;</span>and the partner school in<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&=
nbsp;</span> Mexico ?</span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0=
cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font fa=
ce=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;"> <=
/span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-=
size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman"=
size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;"> </span></font></div></d=
iv><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-famil=
y: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span styl=
e=3D"font-size: 12pt;">The only answer is to turn the copyright legislation=
on its head and to state very clearly that material that is not provided w=
ith appropriate
copyright for use in education, will be completely ignored by educators an=
d learners. It is time for the users to set copyright terms, not the suppli=
ers.</span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New R=
oman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;"> </span></font></di=
v></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-=
family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span=
style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">The terms and conditions that you come across i=
n many web resources are completely unworkable for schools and learners. Tr=
y looking at a few. There is no way this can be resolved from the supplier =
end, it will have to be resolved from the user end. For instance, LT<span c=
lass=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span> Scotland<span class=3D"Apple-c=
onverted-space"> </span>DICTATE what the copyright terms and condition=
s will be for
things they licence nationally. The whole education community should do si=
milarly.</span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001=
pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times N=
ew Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;"> </span></font>=
</div></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; f=
ont-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><=
span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">There are essentially only 3 copyright term=
s that matter:</span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm =
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"T=
imes New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;"> </span><=
/font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 1=
2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=
=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">- you can look at it but not do any=
thing else with
it.</span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New R=
oman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;"> </span></font></di=
v></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-=
family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span=
style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">- you can copy and re-purpose it within the def=
ined community of a an educational institution (but the community of the in=
stitution can only be defined by the institution itself)</span></font></div=
></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-f=
amily: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt;"> </span></font></div></div><div><div style=
=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roma=
n';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12=
pt;">- it is creative
commons and you can copy and re-purpose it to your heart's content provide=
d source is acknowledged.</span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margi=
n: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><fon=
t face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;"> &nb=
sp;</span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; f=
ont-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Ro=
man" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">Roger.</span></font></div>=
</div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-fa=
mily: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span s=
tyle=3D"font-size: 12pt;"> </span></font></div></div><div><div style=
=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roma=
n';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12=
pt;"> </span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.=
0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"=
><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;"> </span></font></div></div><div sty=
le=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Ro=
man';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: =
12pt;"> </span></font></div><div><div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0=
.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Ti=
mes New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">On 10 Feb 2010, =
at 11:15, theo kuechel wrote:</span></font></div></div><div style=3D"margin=
: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font=
face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;"><br><=
br></span></font></div><p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt=
; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New=
Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">Paul, Colleagues;<br><b=
r>This is very timely, urgent and
probably of greater significance than the many technologies we often discu=
ss, (including iPads, Interactive whiteboards, Web 2.0 applications o=
r VLEs); the outcomes of this consultation are likely to determine how we a=
re allowed to use our digital tools, access digital content and by default,=
determine the opportunities we afford our learners. These outcomes will sh=
ape the future culture of learning for the foreseeable future and permeate =
all educational uses of ICT including distance learning, mobile technologie=
s, student work in digital format and the sharing and development of teache=
r created resources.<br><br>Having read<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space=
"> </span> Marshall 's synopsis and then the re-read the documents it =
appears there is some urgent work to be done. Leon Cych has created a copy =
of Gower's recommendations for educational exceptions<span class=3D"Apple-c=
onverted-space"> </span><a rel=3D"nofollow" target=3D"_blank"
href=3D"http://is.gd/84oFi" style=3D"color: blue; text-decoration: underli=
ne;">here</a>, to which we can add comments /annotations. Please email<span=
class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span><a rel=3D"nofollow" ymailto=
=3D"mailto:leoncych@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Dl=
eoncych@gmail.com" style=3D"color: blue; text-decoration: underline;">Leon<=
/a><span class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span>for access.<br><br>It=
think is important we have that debate and I personally look forward=
to reading the Nacce community views, and hopefully. as you suggest, we ca=
n start to develop a Naace response. I am surprised there is no Naace worki=
ng group on this?<br><br>Best<br>Theo<br><br><br><br></span></font></p><div=
><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Tim=
es New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"fo=
nt-size: 12pt;">On 5 February 2010 21:38, Paul Springford <<a rel=3D"nof=
ollow"
ymailto=3D"mailto:paul.springford@naace.org" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"/mc=
/compose?to=3Dpaul.springford@naace.org" style=3D"color: blue; text-decorat=
ion: underline;">paul.springford@naace.org</a>> wrote:</span></font></di=
v><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Ti=
mes New Roman';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"f=
ont-size: 12pt;">Colleagues<br><br>Many of you will already have read in th=
e latest Naace newsletter Marshal Mateer's article about an important consu=
ltation with implications for<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </=
span> UK<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span>schools. Did you=
already know about the Intellectual Property Office (IPO), "the<span class=
=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span><b><span style=3D"font-weight: bold=
;">official government body</span></b><span class=3D"Apple-converted-space"=
> </span>responsible for granting Intellectual Property (IP) rights in=
the<span
class=3D"Apple-converted-space"> </span> United Kingdom "? Possibly n=
ot. It's their consultation and it deals in part with copyright in educatio=
n in a digital age.<br><br>We firmly expect that members will wish to discu=
ss the implications for our schools and colleges here on Naacetalk. We are =
looking for a volunteer to coordinate the discussion and use it as the basi=
s of a Naace response to the IPO. Any offers please to<span class=3D"Apple-=
converted-space"> </span><a rel=3D"nofollow" ymailto=3D"mailto:paul.sp=
ringford@naace.co.uk" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3Dpaul.sprin=
gford@naace.co.uk" style=3D"color: blue; text-decoration: underline;">paul.=
springford@naace.co.uk</a></span></font></div></div><p class=3D"MsoNormal" =
style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Rom=
an';"><font face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 1=
2pt;"><br><br clear=3D"all"><br>--<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nb=
sp;</span><br>Theo
Kuechel<br>Learning Technology Research <br><a rel=3D"nofollow" ymai=
lto=3D"mailto:theo.kuechel@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"/mc/compose=
?to=3Dtheo.kuechel@gmail.com" style=3D"color: blue; text-decoration: underl=
ine;">theo.kuechel@gmail.com</a><br><a rel=3D"nofollow" ymailto=3D"mailto:T=
.Kuechel@hull.ac.uk" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3DT.Kuechel@h=
ull.ac.uk" style=3D"color: blue; text-decoration: underline;">T.Kuechel@hul=
l.ac.uk</a><br><br></span></font></p></div><div style=3D"margin: 0cm 0cm 0.=
0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face=3D"Tim=
es New Roman" size=3D"3"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;"> </span></f=
ont></div></div></div></div></span></blockquote></div><br><div> <span class=
=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, =
0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-var=
iant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: nor=
mal; orphans: 2; text-indent:
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0=
px;"><div style=3D"word-wrap: break-word;"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span"=
style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helv=
etica; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-we=
ight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text=
-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-sp=
acing: 0px;"><div style=3D"word-wrap: break-word;"><div><span class=3D"Appl=
e-style-span" style=3D"font-size: 12px;"><div>Roger Broadie,</div><div><div=
style=3D"margin: 0px; font-family: Monaco; font-style: normal; font-varian=
t: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-s=
ize-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"><font class=
=3D"Apple-style-span" color=3D"#000000" face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3"><span=
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"background-color: transparent; font-si=
ze:
12px;">Director,</span></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0px; font-family=
: Monaco; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; fo=
nt-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: no=
rmal; -x-system-font: none;"><font class=3D"Apple-style-span" color=3D"#000=
000" face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=
=3D"background-color: transparent; font-size: 12px;">Broadie Associates</sp=
an></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0px; font-family: Monaco; font-style:=
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 9px; line-he=
ight: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font:=
none;"><font class=3D"Apple-style-span" color=3D"#000000" face=3D"Helvetic=
a" size=3D"3"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"background-color: t=
ransparent; font-size: 12px;"><a rel=3D"nofollow" target=3D"_blank" href=3D=
"http://www.BroadieAssociates.co.uk">http://www.BroadieAssociates.co.uk</a>=
</span></font></div><div
style=3D"margin: 0px; font-family: Monaco; font-style: normal; font-varian=
t: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-s=
ize-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"><font class=
=3D"Apple-style-span" color=3D"#000000" face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3"><span=
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"background-color: transparent; font-si=
ze: 12px;"><a rel=3D"nofollow" ymailto=3D"mailto:Roger@BroadieAssociates.co=
.uk" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"/mc/compose?to=3DRoger@BroadieAssociates.co.=
uk">Roger@BroadieAssociates.co.uk</a></span></font></div><div style=3D"marg=
in: 0px; font-family: Monaco; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; fon=
t-weight: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: no=
ne; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; min-height: 12px;"><font cl=
ass=3D"Apple-style-span" color=3D"#000000" face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3"><s=
pan class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"background-color: transparent; font=
-size:
12px;"><br></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0px; font-family: Mon=
aco; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-si=
ze: 9px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;=
-x-system-font: none;"><font class=3D"Apple-style-span" color=3D"#000000" =
face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"bac=
kground-color: transparent; font-size: 12px;">99 High Street, Chatteris,</s=
pan></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0px; font-family: Monaco; font-style=
: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 9px; line-h=
eight: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font=
: none;"><font class=3D"Apple-style-span" color=3D"#000000" face=3D"Helveti=
ca" size=3D"3"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"background-color: =
transparent; font-size: 12px;">Cambs, PE16 6NP, UK.</span></font></div><div=
style=3D"margin: 0px; font-family: Monaco; font-style: normal; font-varian=
t: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-=
stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; min-height: 12px;"><font class=3D"Ap=
ple-style-span" color=3D"#000000" face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3"><span class=
=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"background-color: transparent; font-size: 12=
px;"><br></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0px; font-family: Monaco=
; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size:=
9px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x=
-system-font: none;"><font class=3D"Apple-style-span" color=3D"#000000" fac=
e=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"backgr=
ound-color: transparent; font-size: 12px;">tel: +44 1 354 695583</span></fo=
nt></div><div style=3D"margin: 0px; font-family: Monaco; font-style: normal=
; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: n=
ormal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"=
><font
class=3D"Apple-style-span" color=3D"#000000" face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3"=
><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"background-color: transparent; f=
ont-size: 12px;">mobile: +44 7710 328672</span></font></div><div style=3D"m=
argin: 0px; font-family: Monaco; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; =
font-weight: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust:=
none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"><font class=3D"Apple-st=
yle-span" color=3D"#000000" face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3"><span class=3D"Ap=
ple-style-span" style=3D"background-color: transparent; font-size: 12px;">f=
ax: +44 1 354 696647</span></font></div><div style=3D"margin: 0px; font-fam=
ily: Monaco; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;=
font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch:=
normal; -x-system-font: none; min-height: 12px;"><font class=3D"Apple-styl=
e-span" color=3D"#000000" face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3"><span class=3D"Appl=
e-style-span"
style=3D"background-color: transparent; font-size: 12px;"><br></span></fon=
t></div><div style=3D"margin: 0px; font-family: Monaco; font-style: normal;=
font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: no=
rmal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; m=
in-height: 12px;"><font class=3D"Apple-style-span" color=3D"#000000" face=
=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"backgro=
und-color: transparent; font-size: 12px;"><br></span></font></div><div styl=
e=3D"margin: 0px; font-family: Monaco; font-style: normal; font-variant: no=
rmal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 9px; line-height: normal; font-size-a=
djust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"><font class=3D"Ap=
ple-style-span" face=3D"Helvetica"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=
=3D"font-size: medium;"><br></span></font></div></div></span></div></div></=
span><br class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"></div></span><br class=3D"Appl=
e-interchange-newline">
</div><br></div></blockquote></td></tr></table>
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